上星期四,葵涌貨櫃(集裝箱)碼頭爆發工潮,一百多名工人因不滿工資偏低,工時過長,遂圍堵馬路抗議. 工人聲稱,他們須連續工作12至24小時始獲休息,在起卸尖峰時段更須連續工作72小時. 可是,他們的極端辛勞被資本家賤視.和記黃埔旗下香港國際貨櫃碼頭工人指他們原本獲直接聘用, 但後來改為通過外判商聘用,工資亦隨之下降,至今未恢復至15年前工資基準. 更糟的是,香港國際貨櫃碼頭和承辦商往往在意外發生後隱瞞事件,限制採訪並給予'掩口費', 令外界難以得悉意外成因,亦無法讓獨立人士分析和建議,防範日後類似事件發生.
黃色工會分化工人 早在工潮爆發之初,貨櫃碼頭公司和外判商在未有充份通知多數工人下,便與工聯會談論漲工資條件, 然而外判商提出的漲幅僅5%,遠少於工人的要求,而且工聯會誘使工人接受苛刻條件,盡快復工, 意圖破壞工人提出改善工資待遇的堅決訴求.
外判制度是元兇 過去貨櫃碼頭營運商傾向直接僱用工人,但後來由於分工日趨精細,以及試圖控制成本, 因而引進外判制度.可是,此例一開即引發惡性競爭,以及'判上判',結果工資下降,中間剝削日趨嚴重. 據不完整統計,貨櫃碼頭營運商給予外判工人工資總額竟有約三成被中間分判商賺去! 貨櫃碼頭營運商在選擇分判業者時,徹底漠視工人的安全.據了解,判頭在安排工作流程時, 未有充分考量工人安全;直到數年前當局才引進考核制度,確保工人曾接受一定的安全訓練.
禁制罷工實屬霸王硬上弓 高等法院下達裁決,就貨櫃碼頭工人請願行動頒布臨時禁制令,禁止工會領袖參與.此外分判商威脅 工人須在4月2日早上10時答應復工,否則'永不錄用'.上述行動充分體現資本家強行動搖工人爭取 勞動成果的意志,更是利用財力和制度上的漏洞,粗暴打壓工人維護應有權益行動. 但是,眾多工人無懼嚴苛威嚇,堅持正義訴求,我們需發揚愛德精神,必然與工人們站在同一陣線!根據基本法,香港居民享罷工自由,而且按職工會條例,法院不能受理任何針對罷工行動的侵權訴訟, 這樣的裁決實屬對相關法律的藐視和踐踏!
解決之道: 1.終止外判制度:分判商通過從營運商繳付服務費和工資的差額取利,多重分判必定層層剋扣, 工人所得進一步下降.所有貨櫃碼頭工人應由碼頭管理公司統一聘請,驅除中盤業者剝削, 讓工資直接到工人之手.雖然碼頭管理公司或須僱用更多中層管理人員,但以其規模之大, 中層管理人員薪酬總額與外判商剝削比較,只屬一筆小數額.
2.香港數家貨櫃碼頭經營者須自行承擔周邊設施基建費用,有別於世界多數地區,導致營運成本過高, 因而令處理費冠全球.政府有必要承擔碼頭及其周邊設施的建設和維護費用,降低運作成本, 並修訂競爭法規,適度規管利潤,藉此調減處理費,以維持香港國際競爭力,提升整體運輸量.
3.統一認證:勞工處須接管所有貨櫃碼頭工人的職業安全訓練和考核制度,提升安全規範, 避免自我監督,也有利工人在不同機構流轉.
4.提高待遇,吸引新人入行:除了有系統的培訓以外,改善工作條件也是招攬新人的關鍵. 有關部門須監察貨櫃碼頭營運者是否充分執行安全措施,並在營運合約加入相關條款, 確保工人可獲得職業安全訓練和設備. 在僱用新職工的條款中,工時可適度減至每月200小時,但初期可定為每月216小時,但工資率可按比例 調整(每小時$67-70),讓工人作息平衡,提高注意力,減少意外發生機會.
原文發佈於2013年4月1日,10:40pm
Support strike of stevedores
Support stevedores of Hong Kong Container Terminals: Stop outsourcing, rise hourly wages by 30%, give back benefits
Stevedores in Hong Kong International Terminal have suffered in extreme long working hours and poor working conditions for several years. They have often work for 12 to 24 hours continuously, and even 72 hours during peak time. Worst still, they are employed by outsourcing agents, which expropriate wages and welfare of stevedores for profits of agents, while some of the agents are in fact high-ranking management personnel of HIT. Such tricks allow HIT, operator of the Container Terminal, to evade responsibility of compensation, retire fund, etc.
HIT and contractors often conceal industry accident involved in docks by imposing restriction on the press and pay 'concealing fees' so outsiders cannot know the reasons of the accidents. Also, indepedent researchers cannot give any advice and recommendations to prevent further accidents.
The High Court announced a verdict that HIT can impose a temporary injunction against trade union involving in the strike. Such action revealed that right-protection action by labourers are blatantly suppressed by the capitalists, who are basking on financial power and loopholes of legal system. According to Basic Law, residents in Hong Kong have freedom of industrial action. Also under existing laws, lawcourts cannot accept lawsuits against strikes. Such verdict is extreme contempt and violation to related laws!
Our request:
Stop outsourcing to eliminate exploitation by agents,
Rise hourly wages by 30%,
Give back compensation, benefits like retirement funds,
Reduce working hours to 216 per month
Please support stevedores' strike action by signing on: https://www.change.org/en-GB/petitions/li-ka-shing-cheung-kong-holdings-chairman-matthew-cheung-stop-outsourcing-rise-hourly-wages-by-30-give-back-benefits
The original text was distributed on 3 April 2013, 10:12pm.
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